LCA Explained



Greenhouse Gases and Primary Energy Demand
Green NCAP’s Life Cycle Assessment focuses on two key measures: greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy demand. Greenhouse gases contribute to the greenhouse effect so the sum of the gas emissions, produced in the different phases of a vehicle’s lifecycle, is an important indicator of the vehicle’s impact on global warming. The greenhouse gases investigated are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), expressed as emitted CO2 equivalent.

The primary energy demand is equally important because energy is scarce and valuable and should be utilised efficiently. The required primary energy, which must be extracted from one or multiple non-renewable (fossil) or renewable sources (e.g. wind, solar or hydropower), is expressed in kWh or MWh.

The analysis considers the greenhouse gases emitted during the production of the vehicle and its components, including tyres and batteries. In broad terms, this part of the analysis is based on the vehicle’s size, weight and the type of powertrain. The results presented make use of publicly available data about global generic supply chains and don’t account for the production or recycling processes of specific vehicle manufacturer brands.

Different cars produce different amounts of greenhouse gases while they are being driven. A unique feature of Green NCAP’s approach is the combination of actual vehicle testing with the life cycle assessment. The average, best and worst measured fuel and energy consumptions from Green NCAP’s tests serve as realistic input data for the LCA calculations, making the effect of driving style and ambient conditions on the LCA results evident.

該分析考慮了車輛及其零件（包括輪胎和電池）生產過程中排放的溫室氣體。
從廣義上講，這部分分析基於車輛的尺寸、重量和動力系統類型。
所提供的結果利用了有關全球通用供應鏈的公開數據，並未考慮特定汽車製造商品牌的生產或回收過程。

不同的汽車在行駛時產生不同數量的溫室氣體。Green NCAP 方法的一個獨特之處在於將實際車輛測試與生命週期評估相結合。
Green NCAP 測試中測得的平均、最佳和最差燃油和能源消耗可作為 LCA 計算的實際輸入數據，
使駕駛風格和環境條件對 LCA 結果的影響顯而易見。

-------------

以google翻譯在個人的解讀是，Green NCAP 是針對車輛來分析，ACEEE 是針對車輛+工廠製成來分析。